chalazion

A chalazion is a small, painless lump or swelling that appears on the eyelid, usually as a result of a blocked oil gland (meibomian gland). These glands produce the oil component of tears, which helps keep the eye lubricated. When one of these glands becomes blocked, oil accumulates inside, causing inflammation and the formation of a chalazion. Unlike a stye, which is caused by a bacterial infection and can be painful, a chalazion is generally non-painful and tends to grow slowly.

• Causes: A chalazion occurs due to blockage and inflammation of the meibomian glands. Factors like chronic blepharitis (inflammation of the eyelids), rosacea, or improper eye hygiene can increase the risk of developing a chalazion.
• Symptoms: A chalazion presents as a small lump on the upper or lower eyelid. It may cause slight discomfort or a feeling of heaviness in the eyelid. In some cases, it can grow large enough to press on the eyeball, causing blurred vision. Redness and swelling may also occur around the lump.
• Treatment: Treatment options include applying warm compresses to the affected area several times a day to help the gland drain naturally. If the chalazion does not resolve on its own, a doctor may recommend draining the lump or injecting it with steroids to reduce inflammation. In recurrent cases, addressing the underlying cause, such as blepharitis or other eyelid conditions, is important.