Hyperopia (Farsightedness)

Hyperopia, commonly known as farsightedness, is a refractive error where distant objects are seen more clearly than close objects. This occurs when the eye does not bend light correctly, causing images to focus behind the retina instead of directly on it. Hyperopia is often present from birth and can be hereditary, though its severity can vary widely among individuals. As a result, many people with mild hyperopia may not need corrective lenses, while others may experience significant difficulty with near vision. Over time, hyperopia can worsen, especially as the eye’s ability to focus diminishes with age.

• Causes: Hyperopia is usually caused by an eyeball that is too short from front to back, which prevents light from focusing directly on the retina. It can also occur if the cornea (the clear front surface of the eye) is too flat or the lens inside the eye does not have enough curvature. These structural irregularities are often genetic, meaning hyperopia runs in families. Other factors, such as certain medical conditions like diabetes, may also contribute to the development of farsightedness.
• Symptoms: The primary symptom of hyperopia is difficulty seeing objects up close, such as reading small print, though distance vision remains relatively clear. Other symptoms include eye strain, headaches (especially after prolonged periods of close work like reading or using a computer), squinting, and fatigue.
• Treatment: Hyperopia is typically corrected with prescription eyeglasses or contact lenses, which adjust the way light enters the eye, focusing it properly on the retina. Refractive surgery, such as LASIK or PRK, may also be an option for some patients, depending on the severity of their condition and other factors. Regular eye exams are important for detecting hyperopia early and ensuring proper vision correction.