Intraocular Lens (IOL)

An intraocular lens (IOL) is an artificial lens implanted in the eye to replace the eye's natural lens when it has been removed, most commonly during cataract surgery. IOLs restore vision by focusing light onto the retina, just as the natural lens would. Modern IOLs are made from materials like silicone or acrylic and are designed to be permanent, offering clear vision for a lifetime. There are several types of IOLs available, including monofocal lenses that provide clear vision at one distance (near or far), and multifocal or accommodating lenses that correct vision at multiple distances, reducing the need for eyeglasses.

• Causes: IOLs are typically used to replace the eye’s natural lens in patients with cataracts, a condition where the lens becomes cloudy and impairs vision. They can also be used in refractive lens exchange (RLE) surgery for people with severe refractive errors (such as extreme farsightedness or nearsightedness) who are not candidates for laser eye surgery like LASIK.
• Symptoms: After IOL implantation, patients generally experience improved clarity and color perception, as well as better vision overall. However, some may experience visual disturbances, such as glare, halos around lights, or difficulty with night vision, depending on the type of IOL used.
• Treatment: IOLs are a permanent solution for replacing a damaged or clouded natural lens, and the procedure is considered safe and effective. In the rare cases where complications arise, such as incorrect lens placement or infection, further surgery or treatment may be needed. Most patients who receive IOLs during cataract surgery find that their vision is greatly improved, often eliminating the need for glasses or contact lenses for distance vision.