If you enjoy outdoor activities, particularly beach time, you may be vulnerable to a disease of the eye called pterygium, also referred to as “surfer's eye.” It is a condition that is experienced by people who are exposed to UV rays, wind and dry conditions regularly. So what is pterygium and what can you do to keep your eyes safe this summer?
Pterygium is a non-cancerous growth of the conjunctiva (the thin, transparent layer covering the white part of the eye) that grows onto the cornea. It is commonly seen in people who work outside in windy, sunny or dusty conditions for extended periods.
The following factors play a role in the development of pterygium:
Pterygium, also known as "surfer's eye," is caused by its frequent occurrence among surfers and outdoor enthusiasts. The UV rays, wind, saltwater and sand all irritate the eye, causing the growth to form.
Unfortunately, pterygium does not go away naturally. It can either cease to grow and stay small in mild cases, or grow and may even impair vision in severe cases.
All about how to protect your eyes from a pterygium during the summer. Although pterygium can be a nuisance, there are a few things you can do to prevent it:
Buy quality sunglasses with 100% UVA and UVB protection. Wraparound sunglasses provide the most protection from UV rays coming into your eyes from the sides.
The brim of a hat should be at least 3 inches wide to block up to 50% of the sun's exposure to the eyes.
Dry eyes are a risk factor for pterygium. Lubricating eye drops can help to keep the eyes moist and help to decrease irritation.
Constant rubbing of the eyes can cause bacteria to enter and exacerbate irritation. Wash hands before reaching out to eyes.
Avoid direct exposure to the sun from 10 am to 4 pm when the UV radiation is highest.
Dehydration can lead to dry eyes, making you more vulnerable to pterygium eye diseases. Drink plenty of water throughout the day.
Winds and dust can irritate the eyes. Wear protective eyewear or goggles to reduce exposure if in dusty or windy conditions.
If you already have pterygium, treatment options are:
Artificial tears and lubricating drops can help alleviate irritation and redness from pterygium.
Sometimes, steroid eye drops are used to help minimize swelling and discomfort.
Soft contact lenses can protect the eye from further irritation.
If the pterygium is causing discomfort or blocking your vision, a doctor might suggest pterygium surgery.
An ophthalmologist (eye specialist) is the most qualified health care provider to diagnose and treat pterygium. If you notice any blurriness, discomfort, or too much redness, see an eye doctor as soon as possible.
Surgery may be needed if other treatments don't work. Here are some things you should know:
Pterygium surgery entails the removal of the growth and the replacement with a healthy tissue graft from another area of the eye (conjunctival graft).
The healing process usually lasts for a couple of weeks. During recovery, patients should stay out of direct sunlight, refrain from swimming, and avoid dusty environments.
The side effects of pterygium surgery are quite rare.
With proper eye care, UV protection and hydration, pterygium can be prevented. If you think you may have surfer's eye, see your eye specialist to find out what to do. Eye care is essential for good vision health, whether it's prevention or treatment.
